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Traverse des Sioux is a historic site in the U.S. state of Minnesota. Once part of a preindustrial trade route, it commemorates that route, a busy river crossing on it, a nineteenth-century settlement, trading post, and mission at that crossing place, a transshipment point for pelts in fur trading days, and an important treaty with Native Americans which dispossessed the Dakota people of part of their homeland and opened up much of southern Minnesota to white settlement. Formerly a Minnesota state park, the site of the old settlement and river ford is now a State Historic Site〔 and a Minnesota State Monument,〔(2013 Minnesota Statute § 138.585 ) subd. 28.〕 and is on the National Register of Historic Places.〔 Traverse des Sioux is located in Nicollet County, Minnesota on the Minnesota River, just north of the city of St. Peter.〔(Minnesota Historic Sites: Traverse des Sioux ).〕 ==Name and location== ''Traverse'' is a French word that means ''crossing'', and some sources state that its use in the name refers to the crossing of the Minnesota River at this location.〔(Minnesota Historic Sites: Traverse des Sioux ); Thomas, (Historic river crossing rediscovered. ) These uncited sources use language similar to Thomas Hughes' paper presented to the Minnesota Historical Society on September 9, 1901, which states: Traverse des Sioux, being the French translation of its Dakota name “Oiyuwega,” (crossing), was then, and from time immemorial memorial had been, the most important point on the Minnesota. The excellent river crossing there found, together with its position where the great forest of the east and the vast plains of the west naturally met, where the Blue Earth and its tributaries were conveniently accessible, and where the headwaters of the Minnesota and Red rivers could be reached by a short cut over land, made Traverse des Sioux the natural capital of the Sioux country. Hughes (1901), p. 104.〕 At least one scholarly source however states that ''Traverse des Sioux'' is named for the transit of the prairie to the west, and not for the river crossing.〔Gilman (1979), p. 94, fn. 27.〕〔 〕 As used by the French Canadian voyageurs and their Métis relatives and descendants, a ''traverse'' was a crossing from a safe resting place across an open area to another point of shelter, such as a voyageurs’ crossing of hazardous waters from point to point rather than along a sheltered shore,〔Nute (1931), p. 61.〕 or its correlate on land, a crossing by Métis ox cart brigades of open prairie from one secure resting place to another.〔Gilman (1979), pp. 40, 44.〕 The settlement at Traverse des Sioux was a destination of Métis carters during the days of the Red River Trails, and was also home of a voyageur community during the same time.〔Nute (1931), p. 193.〕 Nineteenth century explorer John C. Frémont used the term ''Traverse des Sioux'' to refer to the transit across the plain west of the river. Westbound travelers left the Minnesota River at the settlement of Traverse des Sioux and went directly west across the open prairie, leaving the shelter of the wooded riverbank in order to shortcut the right-angle elbow of the river at Mankato. They returned to the river near the mouth of the Cottonwood River at modern New Ulm.〔John C. Frémont describes his 1838 westward crossing of the traverse in his ''Memoirs'': The ''Traverse des Sioux'' is a crossing-place about thirty miles long, where the river makes a large rectangular bend, coming down from the northwest and turning abruptly to the northeast . . . . In this great elbow of the river is the Marahtanka or Big Swan Lake, the summer resort of the Sissiton Sioux. Our way over the crossing lay between the lake and the river. At the end of the ''Traverse'' we returned to the right shore at the mouth of the Waraju or Cottonwood River . . . Frémont, (Memoirs of My Life ) (1886), p. (34 ); ''see also'' Gilman, p. 94, fn. 27.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Traverse des Sioux」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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